Apple’s Jonathan Ive changed the world with his designs. The Apple devices are more known because of their design, rather than the logo they carry. Looking at the device that was the first stepping stone in this for Apple, the iPod 1, many people claim their is a great deal of resemblance with Braun’s T3 pocketradio, launched in 1958 (nrc). This radio was designed by Dieter Ram, head of product design from 1955-1998.
Ram applied ten principles to good design. According to Ram good design:
- is innovative
- makes a product useful
- is aesthetic
- makes a product understandable
- is unobtrusive
- is honest
- is long-lasting
- is thorough down to the last detail
- is environmentally friendly
- is as little design as possible
Applying these 10 principles to business model design, the following guidelines are derived:
- is innovative
A good business model is unique, and therefore hard to imitate. - makes a product useful
Using the business model, from the company as well as the customer perspective, is easy. - is aesthetic
A good business model does not cause any irritation or confusion. Only well executed business models can be beautiful. - makes a business model understandable
It makes the business model clearly express its function by making use of the user’s intuition. At best, it is self-explanatory. - is unobtrusive
The business model leaves room for the user’s self-expression. Business models fulfilling a purpose are like tools that add to the quality of life of its users. - is honest
An honest business model does not make a product or service seem more valuable than it really is. Influencing and manipulation of customers and users by the business model is not done. - is long-lasting
A good business model avoids being fashionable and therefore never runs the risk of being outdated. - is thorough down to the last detail
In the design sufficient attention has been paid to the details of the design, creating a true experience for customers and users. In the execution of a good business model these should implemented accurately. - is environmentally friendly
Good business model design is aware of its environmental impact and aims to make an important contribution to the preservation of the environment by conserving resources and minimizing physical and visual pollution. - is as little design as possible
Keeping it pure! Everything that is non-essential to a business model should be kept out of its design.
When designing new business models these 10 principle will help you to focus your effort and flow your creativity accordingly to make beautiful, meaningful new business models.
Business model innovation will be the next big differentiator for companies aspiring innovation leadership. Innovation leaders are breaking away from the pack by allocating increasingly more resources to business model innovation1. And they are right. Research has illustrated that more value is to be expected from business model innovation, than from any other form of innovation. Business model innovation has a higher impact on business results.
Recently one of my business contacts pointed me towards the Best Global Brands report by Interbrand. In the discussion we had on how to enable new business model implementation he posed the statement that any strong business model basically gave away one of the 4Ps out of the classical marketing mix.
Giving it some more thought there are numerous examples of strong brands, set by convincing business models that basically all have a certain WOW factor. Most of the WOW comes from an empathic component within their respective business models.
More and more companies involve their customers in their business model, stepping away from classical transactional mentality moving towards strong customer experiences. Meanwhile the relationship between company and customer is further tightened, making it almost impossible to switch, not based on product specifications, but on the firm’s lovemark.
By opening up business models to consumers of products and services companies are able to provide experiences that can be tailored to one’s unique preferences. The late management guru Prahalad labeled this as N=1 in The New Age of Innovation.
Empathic business models examples
- Product
Nescafé (#25) let’s you create coffee to your own preferences with their new Dolce Gusto system
Nike (#26) provides customers to design a tailor made sneaker based on the offered options - Price
Google (#7) provides you everything you needs for free, you only need to provide google with your personal data for advertisement purposes
IKEA (#28) is able to offer its’ products at an extremely low price; you have to do the assembly yourself - Place
eBay (#46) provides possibilities to globally auction and bid on running auctions detached from place and time
MTV (#54) is offering most of the content also online, so that it can be viewed anytime, anywhere - Promotion
Amazon (#43) recommends products based on other people’s buying behavior
Nokia (#5) has numerous online fan communities that support users in the use of their devices; totally separate from the company
Being successful is about being connected. For this purpose you as a company do not be in close proximity of your customer 24/7, but you need to find a mechanism that they share their hopes and dreams with you.
Based on those you know where to focus and distinguish between the must-haves, and the nice-to-haves. Then find ways to involve your customers in your business model. Maybe they will not even notice, but they will appreciate it. For sure!
According to thought leaders within INSEAD customers are really in the driver’s seat when it comes to making or breaking a brand. Also different consumer trends indicate the same, such as Trendwatching.com for example. In the past people could be earmarked to fit within a certain stereotype, e.g. punkers during the 80′s. During this period brands were successful because the companies behind them choose those brands to grow successful.
People now shop their own identity together where trends are now merely used as an input. They do not fit within one simple box anymore which makes it more difficult to target segments in a traditional way. Furthermore customers become increasingly demanding every day. Failing to meet their expectations results worst case in them scandalizing your firm in public (example: BusinessWeek). They will share their grieves through the internet with the rest of the world more likely than they will call you.
So it is more difficult now to clearly segment customers and they have become more demanding and less forgiving, what can companies do?
Building a strong brand does not necessarily involves bringing the best proposition, product or service, to customers, it involves bringing your propositions consistently to your customers. How? By making sure that every Business Model Building Block is aligned with a clearly defined overall goal. So it not about bringing a product to the market and enhance it along the way to the extend that people do not recognize the initial proposition anymore. This makes customers feel disconnected. They will loose interest and will start doing business elsewhere.
In order to keep the connection with the client vivid firms should really ask themselves or even better their clients what it is they will bring to the market? Which problems will be solved? What pains will be relieved? Doing so and shaping the Business Model around it provides the basis companies need to be consistent to their clients, which will contribute to building their brands and reputation.
For laughter have a look at the complaint about SEARS below.
[pro-player]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=974egVLlwQI[/pro-player]
Many people are interested in how a new Value Proposition is created. Of course, understanding this process and being able to execute it, provides a basis for continuously staying ahead of competitors; it would be the Holy Grail of business. In workshops I have used various methods such as Blue Ocean and TRIZ. These methods help to frame thoughts and give directions. What they do not do is provide you with a new Value Proposition gift wrapped.
Creating a new Value Proposition can be done in several ways, each of which differently partitioned into stages. Here is an example of how the creation process is broken down, brought in a very creative way; in an animated Chinese painting style. The movie clip is by Ada Kwok and is presently really popular on youtube. Clicking tot Ada’s website it is clear that the company does graphic business design. Ada has used succesfully as a mechanism to draw traffic to her site. This is yet an other example of how youtube can significantly boost the number of potential customers.
I really like how each of the creation phases is broken down and expresses in the video:
- Imagination
- Visualization
- Formation
- Transformation
- Bring to life
[pro-player]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ce9f0JP6eks&feature=fvst[/pro-player]
Recently HBR published an article about the difference in competition between the US and Europe and emerging markets, China in the article. Where in the US and Europe most customers demand excellent quality in China the largest segment is the “good enough” segment (62% share of market in 2005). The good enough segment is defined as “products of good quality, produced by local companies for a rapidly expanding group of value-seeking consumers with mid level incomes.” Distinguishment is made between premium, good enough, and low-end market segments.
The difference between “good enough” products and premium products is that “good enough” comes with only a limited number of features, rather than the full range, at a price significantly lower that foreign brands.
The shift in China towards “good enough” comes from two directions: Consumer that see their incomes grow shift from low-end products to the “good enough” segment, and consumers with a higher income move away from expensive foreign brands, towards locally produced products at an acceptable quality level.
What should multinationals seeking way into the Chinese market do when entering the market in China? When the market segment’s state is strong, companies should either maintain their premium status by holding of the “good enough” segment by lower costs and innovating to create a niche position. More interesting is the situation where the premium segment is weak or eroding. Then companies can choose to enter the market either from above, enter the market segment in order to hold off local competitors and the erosion of the premium segment, or enter the market from below. Entering from below means seek an alliance or even merger with a Chinese partner or even develop new products specifically for the Chinese market, applying new business model tailored to the Chinese situation. Doing so they can steel share from Chinese players and become market leader.
This all seams quite far away. After all it is about China. Why would “good enough” not apply in non-emerging markets? A large company like Philips now uses “Sense and Simplicity” for a slogan. Underlining the fact the company produces technological products that enhance life, without the hassle, complexity and frustration. The story goes that the company came to this shift in strategy when managers were given a DVD recorder to try at home. Most of them were no able to install it, let alone use it.
It is probably only a matter of time until more and more customers in the US and EU crave for simplicity, cutting out all features they will not use at a lower price, making the “good enough” market segment expanding far out of China. Consumer Vigilantes are already on the rise when their products and services bought are too complex to install it themselves.
During the Internet Bubble Business Model was one of the buzz words. Companies did not need a real strategy, a special competence, or even customers. The only thing needed was a web-based Business Model making vague promises about wild profits in a distant future (source Joan Magretta, HBR, 2002). Not strange that the term itself lost most of its power.
Now years further and wiser we know a business model definitely matters. Without a sound Business Model firms can launch as many new products and services they want to, only confusing customers more.
Companies with a sound Business Model know the value proposition, what the target client group is, which channels to use to approach them, what kind and type of relationship to maintain, what capabilities are required in-house or at a partner, how value is configurated, and of course how cost and revenue stream flow.
Having a proper Business Model not only clarifies things for you as a company; it helps to build and manage your reputation among your current and future clients.
Last week news spread that Ryanair’s profit could be halved due to ever risen fuel cost and a weaker UK pound. Last quarter 2007 net profit dropped with as much as 27%. This is not news that is typical for Ryanair. Applying the Southwest business model it is well know for being a “no frills airliner” generating sound financial figures. The business model is mainly focused on the price sensitivity of customers. On the one hand this is created by cutting costs out of the traditional airliner model; use Internet for reducing channel costs, no food served and additional charges for luggage, use of smaller airports and a single model aircraft. On the other hand the business model focuses on stimulating revenue streams by maximise utilisation of air crafts (as much air time as possible with heavy loads of passengers) and yield management pricing strategies (price discrimination or price targeting to maximize revenues from passengers) (source).
The ever rising fuel prices drive costs, but not in the parts of the business model Ryanair controls. And a weakening position of the Sterling has its negative effect on the utilisation of the air crafts, where possibly the cheaper seats will still sell out, but the more expensive ones will become harder to sell. The combined effect in addition to the downturn on the whole industry of these recent developments result in weakening profits and possibly what Ryanair’s CEO Michael O’Leary calls “a perfect storm.”
But is the business model defeated then? According to the financial analysts it is not. Yield maybe flat for next year, or even drop 5%. Budget carriers are most vulnerable to broad economic dips.
Low cost carriers are used by the most economically sensitive travelers, but probably Ryanair’s yields will survive the dip.
According to O’Leary Ryanair now considers hedging of its fuel if oil dips below $80 a barrel in order to be less vulnerable in case of very volatile oil prices. So hedging makes the business model survive in these turbulent times.
